Pharmacognosy - medicinal plants (herbs)

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Theme IX: Essential oils

Plants with beneficial essential oils

Examples of essential oils. Plant, essential oil content and therapeutic effects.

 

PLANT

Essencial Oil Content

Therapeutic effects

Basil

 linolol, cineol, eugenol

Appetizer, digestive, carminative, analgesic, antiseptic, healing.

 

Anise

Trans-anethole, terpene hydrocarbonsand ketones

Appetizer, carminative, digestive, antispasmodic, hepatoprotective, fungicide.

 

Celery

Limonenebetaterpinol, pinene.

Eupéptico, remineralizing, high in vitamins.

 

Calendula

Gamma terpinene, muurolene, cadinene. Sesquiterpenes (epicubebol, alloaromadendrene) Triterpenes (amyrine, taraxasterol)

 

Antisepticand anti-parasitic

 

Cinnamon

Cinnamic aldehyde, eugenol, terpenes (pinene, cineol, phellandrene).

Appetizer,eupéptico, carminative, spasmolytic.

 

Onion

Sulfur compounds (cepaenos)

Hypoglycemic, expectorant, hypocholesterolemic.

 

Clove

Eugenol, caryophyllene, pinene, caryophyllin.

Highly antibacterial, appetizer, anti-inflammatory.

 

Cumin

Cumene Aldehyde, terpenes (pinene, terpineol) and flavonoids.

 

Diuretic,antispasmodic, mild sedative.

Turmeric

 

Terpene hydrocarbons and sesquiterpene ketones.

Choleretic, lipid-lowering, antispasmodic, bactericidal.

 

Lemon verbena

Terpene hydrocarbon (limonene), terpene alcohols (linolol and terpineol, cineol), aldehyde sesquiterpene (caryophyllene)

 

Carminative, calming.

Ginger

Monoterpenes (phenanthrene, camphor, citral, geraniol, borneol). Sesquiterpenes (zingiberene, curcumene)

 

Carminative, anti-ulcer.                

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Examples of essential oils. Plant, essential oil content and therapeutic effects.