Pharmacognosy - medicinal plants (herbs)

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Parts of plant

Topic III: Macromorphological characteristics of vegetative organs

Parts of plant

See more infographics and images in the section: 

Graph

Summary plant parts

 

ORGAN

(click to see)

FUNCTION

MORPHOLOGY

CLASSIFICATION

Root      

Leads and absorbs water and dissolved minerals, accumulates nutrients and holds down the plant to the ground.

Formed by:

Epidermis

Fundamental or cortex tissue

Stele

Primary root

tap root

Adventitious roots

Aereal root

Stem

Forms leaves and reproductive structures. Carries water and nutrients. Stored food substances.

 

Vascular bundle

Nerves

epidermis

cortex

 

Aerial and underground

Leaf

Synthesizer part

petiole

lower epidermis

Simple leaf 

compound leaf

pinnate leaf

palmate leaf

alternate leaf

opposite leaf

Flower

Reproductive organ that produces the fruit that contains the seeds.

Floral axis or receptacle.

Whorls and spirals

sepal

Floral bud

corolla

petals

stamens

carpels

Bisexual, hermaphrodite

Fruit

Protect and promote seed dispersal

Pericarp

endocarp

mesocarp

epicarp

Simple fruit 

dry fruit

fleshy fruit

multiple fruit  or polycarpic

Seed      

Is the plant embryo.

Nutritive tissue protected by the cover or testa.

Monocots.

Dicotyledons.

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